Microbes in Human Welfare Questions and Answers

What process is being observed by the organism shown here 0 0 Answer

What is the clear circular structure at the tip of the orange arrow Food vacuole Pseudopodium Nucleus

Slime molds can be quite colorful in appearance ranging from yellow to orange to red True False

Which of the following organisms contain special cells called heterocysts a Anabaena b E coli c Oscillatoria

sing the picture to the right which of the following would be onsidered a basal taxon A B C D E

Which prokaryotes should be expected to be most strongly resistant to lysis i e bursting when found in very hypertonic environments O cyanobacteria nitrogen fixing bacteria that live in root nodules extreme thermophiles methanogens extreme halophiles MEM

To which of the 5 clades do these organisms belong V

CRISPR Methods that directly interfere with cell respiration in bacteria Bacteriophage therapy Making use of host and bacterial defense peptides RNA interference directed at bacterial mRNAs Interfering with synthesis of bacterial capsules glycocalyx

When does class switching occur in the B cell after what event For the toolbar press ALT F10 PC or ALT FN F10 Mac

193688 quizzes 1487370 take Question 16 Identify the structure at the arrow 29 60 1 pts

PURPOSE The purpose is to study the size and arrangement of bacterial Cell EXPECTED RESULTS 1 Sketch a negatively stained rod 2 Which organism used in this exercise is a red RESULTS Sketch a few bacteria viewed with the oil immersion objective lens Specimen Total magnification Morphology and arrangement Bacillus subtilis 1000 x Staphylococcus epidermidis 1600x CONCLUSIONS 1 Which cell is a rod stained with methylene blue simple direct stain Milla pai Unknown Culture 1000 x Tooth and gum scraping did you observe in the tooth and gum scraping 1000X ARO How does its appearance differ from that of the rod yo

If you take 1ml of a bacterial sample and add it to 9ml of ster create a first dilution From the well mixed first dilution you take 1ml and add it to 9ml of sterile nutrient fluid and mix well creating a second dilution From the second dilution you take 1ml and add it to 9ml of sterile nutrient fluid and mix well creating a third dilution Finally you take 1 ml of the third dilution and add it to 9ml of sterile nutrient fluid mixing well and creating a fourth dilution This represents common technique for membrane filtration The third sample represents a 1 200 dilution of original bacterial sample The number of bacteria in the fourth dilution would be multiplied by 1000 none of the above

3 Tetracycline is bacteriostatic whilst penicillin is bactericidal What is the difference between their activities 4 Which is more important in getting your clothes clean the laundry detergent or the washing machine Explain 5 What are 2 ways hyperthermophiles have adapted to extreme heat

You want to isolate a mesophile with a high sulfur requirement Which of the following would be the most appropriate growth medium condition O High amino acids 30 C O High lipids 98 C High lipids 30 C O High amino acids 98 C

For a patient the results from some tests and consultation with the relevant medical journals the diagnosis is Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth SIBO Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth The small intestine usually has about 10 000 bacteria per ml of fluid In this disorder there are about 100 000 bacteria per ml of fluid This disease of the gastrointestinal tract is caused by a slowing of the normal muscle activity in the small intestine This activity is responsible for routinely removing bacteria from the intestine The Treatment order to treat the disease it was essential to grasp the magnitude of the overgrowth caused by SIBO The bacteria population while symbiotic and essential for normal human life was simply overgrown causing the patient s weight loss through vitamin deficiency Question 5 10 marks The small intestine bacteria while inhabiting areas optimal for growth have a doubling time of roughly h h a your assigned number hours A normal small intestine starting population would be approximately 10K bacteria per ml of fluid a 2 marks Write an equation to model this exponential growth with b x representing the number of bacteria per ml and x representing the time in hours b 4 marks How long will it take for there to be 100K bacteria per ml Round your answer to two decimal places if necessary

Which of the following is not true when conducting an aseptic technique transfer from a broth to an agar plate O the loop must be cooled after sterilization O work within the cone of sterility O liquid media should be mixed O sterilize loop for 3 secs only Question 6 The test tube lid should be placed down on the bench after opening True 0 5 pts

A patient comes in with a bacterial infection You isolate the bacterium test it for antibiotic sensitivity and prescribe an appropriate drug to which the patient is not allergic The next day the patient has a high fever convulsions and a rash Two days later they die What most likely happened

Of the following which are major targets in a eukaryotic cell for exotoxin disruption O cytoskeleton O exocytosis O protein synthesis O cell cell adhesion plasma membrane O vesicular trafficking

Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT O Complement activation O Inflammation O Phagocytosis Antibody production

microbes that are found outside our cells e g in body fluids or extracellular space are attacked controlled by the following EXCEPT antibodies phagocytes CD8 T cells complement B cells

extra credit which of the following is LEAST likely to be involved in the body s defences against viruses O B cells antibodies type 1 interferons O macrophages displaying antigen by the class 2 pathway OCD8T cells GTI

What does a DAW 1 code indicate Patient wants brand Do not substitute per prescriber Select an alternative drug Dispense as written per pharmacist judgmen

What are the characteristics of the acid fast cell wall is Bacterial cell wall protects against osmotic pressure in which solution Hypotonic or Hypertonic

1 Occipital Vertebral Lumbar Cervical Scapular Sacral Gluteal

Label the slides according to their gram stain results

Use this key for a few selected Gram positive bacteria to identify the possible bacterium based on the following test results Acid fast Catalase activity Coagulase activity Colony color Test Endospores Glucose fermentation anaerobic Hemolysis on blood agar Morphology Result Red COCCUS Remember to start at the top of the key and move downward through it DO NOT try to match all test results to each bacterium you have to determine which results are important for this organism based on the key Type in the bacterial genus OR abbreviated full name as given on the key spelling and capitalization count Canvas ignores italics but formally the genus should also be italicized

The development of resistance to pesticides by insects was the result of O Inheriting genes that made them less affected by the pesticide O The special creation of a new kind of insects The inheritance of acquired characteristics in insects O The fact that all insects are resistant to pesticides O New genetic mutation in the insects after exposure to the pesticide

1 resuspended the bacteria in 0 5ml of Solution 1 and then added lysozyme to a concentration of 50 g ml If we had a lysozyme stock concentration of 10mg ml calculate the stock volume that needed to be added HINT Use C1V1 C2V2

6 Gram negative enteric bacilli produce enzymes that inactivate many antibiotics that target synthesis of the cell wall This is referred to as a MRSA b MDRTB c VRE d ESBLS e VRSA 7 Typically microbes that colonize the human body belong to the group of a psychrophiles b psychrotrophs c mesophiles d thermophiles e hyperthermophiles

Penicillin acts by O a inhibiting enzymes that cross link peptidoglycan Ob inhibiting RNA polymerase Oc inhibiting folate biosynthesis O d inhibiting protein synthesis Oe inhibiting DNA synthesis

What is the relationship between decomposition and dissolved oxygen O Decomposition does not require dissolved oxygen O Decomposition releases dissolved oxygen into the water Decomposition uses dissolved oxygen removing it from the water O Decomposition creates dissolved oxygen

II Understanding the Scientific Method 15 The previous questions illustrate that the process of science is more complicated than the ypical textbook description of the scientific method Based on this information revise the Following diagram of the scientific method to make it more accurate complete and realistic MAKE AN OBSERVATION ASK A QUESTION FORM A HYPOTHESIS CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT ACCEPT HYPOTHESIS REJECT HYPOTHESIS Figure from http static ddmcdn com gif scientific method 17 jpg

L6 Assessment Should we take all of our antibiotics even if we feel better Write an explanation for your reasoning that tells how the mathematical model you co constructed in class helps us understand why it is necessary to take all of the prescribed doses of antibiotics even when we are already feeling better in advance of finishing them You may also include a picture Claim Reasoning Evidence

Schistosoma can be transmitted by O Undercooked pork O Undercooked fish O Undercooked beef

Study llowing Is a government insured account Limited to a certain number of transactions each month What answer best completes the chart Savings account Savings bond Certificate of deposit Mangu market deposit account Has a tiere interest rat

NSAIDs are drugs that are used to A relax muscles B kill viruses C kill bacteria D decrease inflammation

Dr Chung is a biologist who works on diseases of the liver She is studying infectious agents that invade liver cells She has narrowed down the cause of the disease she is studying to a type of virus or a protist Which of the following characteristics would be the BEST choice for Dr Chung to use in determining whether th nfectious agent she is studying is a virus or a protist A B C It infects both liver cells and red blood cells It has proteins in its outermost layer It is capable of changing over time D It has DNA as its genetic material

The graphs shown below represent a variety of microbial control scenarlos with the number of viable organisms shown on the Y a Drag the labels to describe the various aspects of each graph Enter your search term sterilization microbiostatic low load high load Type of Organism Time to Remove All Life Forms endospores vegetative cells 7 Type of Agent microbicidal Number of Organisms

What type of disease do prions cause O Spongiform encephalopathy O Hepatitis O Gastroenteritis O Haemorrhagic fever OPneumonia

Which of the following statements is CORRECT Archaeal cell walls Oare disrupted by treatment with lysozyme or penicillin O do not contain peptidoglycan or D amino acids are similar to those of Gram negative bacteria are unlike bacterial cell walls but they all have the same composition O all contain an S layer and a layer of pseudomurein

5 Of antibiotics which is false a Antibiotics have a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect b Selective toxicity indicates that the drug should not affect the human host e Involve topical oral intramuscular or intravenous administration d Synergistic or antagonistic effects may result from combination of drugs Broad spectrum antibiotics target a wide range of microbes including viruses

36 This is an example of a cytotoxin A Botulism toxin B Cholera toxin C Diphtheria toxin D Endotoxin E Tetanus toxin 37 Which of the following antimicrobial drugs interferes with synthesis of the cell wall bacteria A Erythromycin B Polymyxin C Rifampin D Streptomycin E Vancomycin

25 This man was able to identify and stop the cause of a cholera epidemic in London A Ignaz Semmelweiss B James Watson C John Snow D Louis Pasteur E Robert Koch 26 This organism can cause endotoxic shock betabianco al giwolat eto dainW SE A Bacillus cereus 16 B Clostridium difficile C Escherichia coli 0 D Mycobacterium tuberculosis F Staphylococcus aureus

30 A child comes up to you and gives you a hug and then immediately sneezes in your face If this causes a spread of disease the best term used to describe this transmission is A Direct contact transmission B Indirect contact transmission C Nose ocomial transmission D Vector transmission E Zoonotic infection 31 This organism is the most common cause of diarrhea after antibiotic use A Candida albicans B Clostridium difficile C Escherichia coli D Streptococcus pyogenes

15 The largest immune organ in your body is the A Intestines B Liver C Skin D Spleen E Thymus 16 Which of Koch s postulates cannot be strictly met in the case of pneumonia A The suspected pathogen causes disease in a susceptible host B The suspected pathogen is found in an experimental host C The suspected pathogen is found in every case of the disease D The suspected pathogen is identified E The suspected pathogen is isolated into pure culture

Colonies Colonies 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 25400 25200 25000 24800 24600 24400 5000 24200 24000 0 Streptococcus Treated with Ampicillin 3500 3000 2500 Streptococcus Treated with Amoxicillin 2000 1500 1000 500 Streptococcus Ampicillin Figure 1 Colonies of Streptococcus after applications of ampicillin 0 Ampicillin ng mL 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Streptococcus Amoxicillin Figure 2 Colonies of Streptococcus after applications of amoxicillin Amoxicillin ng mL reptococcus bacteria were plated on petri dishes with agar media containing increasing concentrations of ampicillin antibiotic Figure I was created from the results of that experiment The experiment was repeated with amoxicillin other antibiotic Identify the lowest concentration of ampicillin that eliminated at least 50 of the streptococcus colonies Describe the effect of amoxicillin on streptococcus A researcher suggests using these two antibiotics simultaneously to have a greater efficiency in eliminating the streptococcus Use the data above to evaluate this hypothesis This strain of streptococcus was previously susceptible to all known antibiotics Use data from the figures above to

1 Vibrio cholerae causes intestinal cells of the human body to continuously secrete electrolyte and water leading to watery diarrhea The toxin that causes it is an example of a membrane damaging toxin b superantigen c A B toxin d lipid A e endotoxin 2 Of B cells which is false a Plasma cells produce antibodies b B cells form and mature in the bone marrow e T dependent antigens involve effector T helper cells d B cells migrate to primary lymphoid organs where they encounter the antigen DS on Thols

Choose the statement that indicates how cytopathic effects are detected Perform biochemical tests on infected cells Examine infected cells with a microscope Grow infected cells in a variety of different media Perform immunological tests on infected cells

No you don t she said in awe He felt she was walking in a circle about him turning him end for end shaking him quietly and emptying his pockets without once moving herself What is happening in the paragraph above SELECT AN ANSWER O The man is walking in circles around the girl O The girls is walking in circles around the man O The girl is going through the man s pockets looking for money O The man feels like the girl is examining him closely SUBMIT

you need freshly grown young bacteria to do the catalase test and oxidase test O True False