Human Physiology - Breathing & Exchange of Gases Questions and Answers

Listen point The stages of complete metamorphosis in insects are in order larva egg pupa adult egg pupa larva adult egg larva pupa adult adult pupa larva egg egg adult 15

In anatomical position the A upper limbs hang in a natural position at the side of the body O B feet are slightly apart and the toes point forward C human is sitting D head is turned to the side

The mammary region is to the sternal region A lateral B medial C superior D inferior

2 Use a flow chart or a diagram to describe the passage of air from the nasal cavity to the alveoli where gas exchange takes place Include the following terms in your answer Terminology Intercostal muscles diaphragm Contraction Relaxation Thoracic cavity Nose Nasal cavity Cilia Mouth Oxygen Carbon dioxide Trachea Bronchii Bronchioles Alveoli Lungs Checkmark

Where on an EKG tracing do you evaluate ST segment changes

What areas would the nurse listen to if wishing to listen to the pulmonic and tricuspid valve A Areas 1 4 B C D E Areas 2 5 Areas 2 3 Areas 1 5 Areas 2 4 9

The metabolic conversion of glucose to amino acids is called Glycogenolysis Gluconeogensis There is no metabolic conversion of glucose to amino acids Protein synthesis

following sentences using an appositive Emma is the hardest worker I know She has a big blue binder of notes A She has a big blue binder of notes and Emma is the hardest worker I know B Emma the hardest worker I know has a big blue binder of notes C Emma has a big blue binder of notes and is the hardest workor I In 24

River is home to many different species of fish and other aquatic organisms The is very reliant on the Sound s sea grasses which get energy from photosynthesis Clear water is critical to bay grasses The sun s rays must be able to pass through the water to reach these underwater plants growing in th Passaic s shallows Sunlight is the single most important factor determining bay grass survival Fish also need clea water to see their prey and avoid being eaten by predators Water clarity is the percent of light that passes throug the water Clear lake having a small algal population results in a deep SDT reading high clarity Light Penetration di Turbid lake having large algal population results in shallow SDT reading low clarity To measure water clarity The Secchi disc is lowered into the water until it disappears then pulled up until it can just barely be seen Scientists mark the water line on the rope and measure the distance between the Secchi disc and the water line Nutrient and sediment pollution are the main causes of the Sound s poor water clarity When excess nutrients run off into the Passaic River they can fuel the growth of water clouding algae Similarly when soil erodes and washes into the Sound particles of sediment can become suspended in the water Weather plays a large role in water clarity Rain storms wash dirt and pollutants into the Passaic which causes the water to look muddy During drier conditions the water tends to be clearer Water clarity will always fluctuate naturally depending on weather conditions Questions Write a problem statement for the above scenario

Use a flow chart or a diagram to describe the passage of air from the nasal cavity to the alveoli where gas exchange takes place Include the following terms in your answer Terminology Intercostal muscles diaphragm Contraction Relaxation Thoracic cavity Nose Nasal cavity Cilia Mouth Oxygen Carbon dioxide Trachea Bronchii Bronchioles Alveoli Lungs Checkmark

to inhale and exhale more forcefully the maximum amount of air moved in and out of the lungs is called the VITAL CAPACITY which is the amount of air a person can expel from the lungs at maximum inhalation Materials Balloons metric ruler meter stick Prediction Which factor s have the most affect a person s vital capacity Rank in order from MOST effect 1 to least effect 5 The weight of the person The sex of the person Activity level athletics PROCEDURE Consider the factor you think will have the greatest effect on both vital capacity and tidal volume Explain your choice In this activity you will be measuring the vital capacity of members of the class If you have any breathing difficulties asthma or other condition you should not participate You will be using the diameter of a balloon and the graph shown to estimate your capacities 1 Choose 3 subjects from your group and record data on their height age sex and activity level The height of the person The age of the person 2 Measuring Vital Capacity Stretch a round balloon several times to stretch it out Take a deep breath and then exhale into the balloon Pinch the end of the balloon and measure its diameter in cm Record on data table 3 Convert the diameter to volume using the graph and record this on your table 4 Estimated Vital Capacity Research has shown that the capacity of a person s lungs is proportional to the surface area of his body and his height This online calculator will use your height and age to estimate your vital capacity Have each of your subjects record their data Go to this site http biol co vitcap1 DATA TABLE Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Subject 4 Sex Height Age Subject Data Lung volume cubic centimeters 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Metric ruler Diameter 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Baloon diameter centimeters and input information on test subjects It will calculate the vital capacity Activity Level low medium high Balloon Diameter Vital Capacity Volume from graph Volume from Calculator ANALYSIS 1 What is the difference between tidal volume and vital capacity Suggest a way you could measure a person s tidal volume

Number 1 on the graphic refers to nitrogen What happens when nitrogen is breathed in by an organism A It reacts with the tissues in the lungs and causes the organism to die B It dissolves into tissues and sometimes builds up to deadly levels C It is exhaled 20 95 Percent of the Atmosphere 0 97 2 1 78 08

Carotid and Aortic Bodies directly monitors blood pressure heart rate blood concentration of O2 and CO2 respiration rate

If our blood CO2 carbon dioxide increases then there is an increase of hydrogen ions or a decrease in pH that is detected by central CNS receptors True o False Previous

The respiratory tract is a fragile system if trauma occurs and one lung is punctured and collapses unfortunately then the other lung will also collapse and death will occur True False

The mechanics associated with air movement into and out of the lungs are best explained by none of these are correct Daltons Law Newton s Law Law of conservation of energy Charles Law

Cigarette Smoke acts to complete the sentence from the choices given decrease the movement of the alveoli s cilia o increase the movement of cilia within the trachea decrease the movement of cilia within the trachea increase the movement of microvilli within the trachea Previous

The anatomic location where gas exchange occurs in the respiratory tract is the a bronchi alveoli more than one is correct o nasal cavity otrachae opharynx

Write the component part definitions using the correct format with the separation marks slashes placed in the appropriate location s for the term TRACHEOTOMY

2 pts Write the medical term without separation marks slashes from the definition condition of difficult voice

Write the main definition for the medical term atelectasis

The graph below shows oxygen dissociation curves for the haemoglobin of a mother and her foetus Which one of the following statements describes the difference in the behaviour of the two types of haemoglobin 100 Percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 20 0 A fetus B mother C 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 Partial pressure of oxygen po kPa O a Both foetal and adult haemoglobin carry the same amount of oxygen per mole of haemoglobin O b Adult haemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as foetal haemoglobin O c Foetal haemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as adult haemoglobin O d Foetal haemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than adult haemoglobin Adult haemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than foetal haemoglobin

An article can pass one part of the CRAAP test but not another True False

Atmospheric pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is about one third the pressure at sea level which is 760 mm Hg If oxygen makes up 21 of the by volume the partial pressure of oxygen PO2 on Mount Everest is approximately O 53 mm Hg O 255 mm Hg O 157 mm Hg O 760 mm Hg

The rate of breathing and O2 levels The rate of breathing would increase if O2 levels fall too low but would be unchanged even if CO2 levels increase True or False True False

Which statement is incorrect a The late phase of asthma involves T lymphocytes b Leukotrienes cause bronchospasm O c The early phase of asthma involves leukotrienes d The early phase of asthma involves eosinophil major basic protein e The late phase of asthma involves leukotrienes

Which statement is correct O a In pulmonary embolism an embolus travels from a leg to the lungs through the left side of the heart O b Cystic fibrosis is a common dominant genetic disease O c The mutated protein responsible for cystic fibrosis secretes sodium ions O d Elastase destroys the large airways in emphysema O e One quarter of the world s population is infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Which of the following options is not available in the Table of Contents group in MS Word 2013 O Table of Contents

For an athlete how does proper breathing or improper breathing affect their Think about track athletes basketball players tennis players performance etc

2 What is bronchitis and how does it affect the respiratory system

List 3 things someone with one lung is unable to do

The alveoli are adapted to provide a very large surface area for each alveolus is a um in diameter giving it a larger surface area to volume ratio than larger structures there are around million per lung The total surface area of the alveoli is around 1 706 4 There is also a short diffusion path the walls of blood are just Gases square feet about 300 and I thick The alveoli are also lined with a thin film of ie 350 in this water making the diffusion

YOW Free energy G relative to O kcal mol 16 1 Glycolysis 50 40 30 20 an FMN Citric acid cycle NAD Fe S ATP Q Oxidative phosphorylation electron transport and chemiosmosis FAD Fe Sll vorigeurig nod Cyt b bolsvosel ATP dopatib boi66 selal el insma nl 10 What happens at the end of the chain FAD gan nostosis gril rod ni 291 10 Fe S A 1 electron combines with oxygen and hydrogen B The 2 original electrons combine with NAD C 4 electrons combine with hydrogen and oxygen atoms D 2 electrons combine with oxygen and 2 protons E The 2 original electrons combine with oxygen lead jar si nterb troerust not Multiprotein complexes Cyt c snazdrag sde Bardie Cyt c Lotiell Cyta 60 cinsin farbnorbetis i audinoid mauo Ininnorocities 10 IV Cyta

Soru 20 Killer T cells are created to destroy and anything that have O antigens O cholesterol antibodies helper T parts nceki 1 puan on the outer membrane Sonraki

Macrophages destroy pathogens by eating them True O False nceki

What does the term hypoxic mean Dissolved oxygen content is 0 mg L Dissolved oxygen content is 6 mg L or greater Dissolved oxygen content is less than 2 mg L but still above zero Dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2 mg L

Step Glycolysis Transition Step Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Fermentation Step Step Glycolysis Transition Step Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Fermentation Step Carbon Start Carbon Start Carbon End Carbon End Aerobic Respiration of 1 Glucose NADH FADH Produced ATP by SLP ATP by OLP ATP by SLP Anaerobic Respiration of 1 Glucose NADH FADH2 Produced Other Non Carbon Products ATP by OLP Other Non Carbon Products Terminal Electron Acceptor Terminal Electron Acceptor O2 Required O2 Required

2 Robert decides to go for a run when he gets home from school As he begins running his breathing rate starts to increase What are the mechanisms that cause his breathing rate to increase O A B The diaphragm senses the need for more oxygen which causes it to expand and contract more quickly in order to inflate and deflate the lungs When carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease the respiratory center sends signals to the alveoli to increase the volume that they expand C When oxygen levels in the blood decrease the respiratory center sends signals to the diaphragm to increase the rate at which it contracts and relaxes D The respiratory control center senses the need for more oxygen which causes the trachea to push and pull air more forcefully

1 The primary job of the respiratory system is respiration or breathing In humans and other animals breathing is how oxygen moves into the lungs The human body can store many nutrients but it can t store oxygen Oxygen is essential for all cells to function properly That s why humans have to breathe continually to stay alive Respiration also moves carbon dioxide a waste product out of the body Which of these best describes the relationship between respiration and oxygen A Oxygen is the process by which respiration happens C Respiration is how the body takes in oxygen B Respiration and oxygen are both types of gases D Oxygen comes before respiration 2 Respiration begins when air enters the mouth and nose As air goes down the trachea or windpipe tiny hairs called cilia gently wave to keep dirt and mucus out At the bottom of the trachea are two tubes called bronchi One bronchus goes into the left lung and the other goes into the right lung When you inhale the diaphragm muscle between the lungs and abdomen contracts making room for the lungs to expand Which of these best describes how the lungs and diaphragm affect each other A As the lungs expand the diaphragm expands C As the lungs contract the diaphragm contracts B As the lungs expand the diaphragm contracts D The lungs and diaphragm have no relationship

16 Write a statement that describes the purpose of this laboratory 17 What do you expect to happen Why 18 What were the bubbles in the tube Where did they come from 19 Why was the yeast heated in microwave before being placed into the fermentation tubes 20 How do you think temperature would affect the rate of cellular respiration in yeast Describe an experiment that would test your hypothesis

The pathway that can convert lactic acid back into glucose in the liver is called O Glycolysis O Cori Cycle O Beta Oxidation O The TCA cycle

37 minutes 37 seconds pletion Status 6 ween a black lab with a Bb genotype and a cho

Part 2 A Calculate YOUR p additional reference equation Men White 20 y PFVC B

Identify the products of cellular respiration ATP carbon dioxide and water NADPH and hydrogen Glucose and water Glucose and oxygen

Match the disease with its correct etiologic agent DOD Picornavirus Bordetella pertussis Varicella zoster virus Herpes simplex virus type 2 HSV 2 Rubella virus Streptococcus pyogenes Herpes simplex virus type 1 HSV 1 1 Whooping Cough 2 Scarlet Fever 3 Cold Sores 4 Genital Herpes 5 Chicken Pox 6 Hepatitis A 7 Influenza 8 German Measles

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from Hands Only CPR to complete a video software project of you executing the procedure on camera or by using pictures ALL IN YOUR OW WORDS DO NOT COPY OFF THE INTERNET 1 slide introduction 1 slide Arriving at the scene and making sure it is safe 1 slide Asking the victim if they are okay and looking for obvious injuries there will be no response 1 slide Directing a bystander to call 911 and get help 1 slide You complete chest compression on the

2 All the subjects in this experiment were exercising Olympic sprinters complete their entire event in less than 10 seconds do not require oxygen Which of these best describes the process by which the muscles of the athletes obtain energy without oxygen

Traditionally biofuels have been produced from corn However this competes with food needs and requires a lot of energy and other resources What is the advantage s of using plants high in cellulose instead of corn to produce biofuels Select all that may apply It provides additional crops for farmers to grow They can be grown in areas with high temperatures and dry environments They can be grown in all parts of the US It provides a valid reason for deforestation

What role if any does social support play in your coping with stress Are certain support efforts more effective than others Why or why not Also do you feel that stress management techniques might improve your coping Which one s Why