Ecology - General Questions and Answers

The biological species concept defines species in terms of: A. appearance B. closeness to the ideal C. evolutionary history D. reproductive capability

Which of the following pieces of legislation ONLY applies to the United States? A. The Paris Agreement B. Clean Air Act C. Kyoto Protocol D. Montreal Protocol

Which fossil fuel is extracted as a solid? A. petroleum B. coal C. natural gas D. propane

In a food chain, which refers to an organism that eats only plants? A. primary consumer B. primary producer C. secondary consumer

Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear power plants? A. they have inexpensive start-up costs B. they are easily decommissioned C. the waste can remain radioactive for 10s of 1000s of years D. they produce much lower CO2 emissions than fossil fuels

Which impurity can lead to acid rain in the atmosphere? A. mercury B. sulfur C. lead D. arsenic

Which answer choice is NOT a part of the abiotic (nonliving) reservoir? A. soil B. water C. air D. snails

Name three environmental conditions that can affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

How has climate change impacted the environment * It has increased the amount of trash in the ocean. It has lowered the average sea level by 1.2 meters (4 feet). It has increased the size of the Arctic. It has decreased the size and number of glaciers.

The surface mining method that removes tops of mountains and allows the debris to fall to the valley below is called A. the Mountaintop Removal Method B. the Pollution Method C. the Death Trap Method D. the Placer Method

In 2016, Sub- Saharan Africa had a doubling time of 23.3 years. Calculate the growth rate. Doubling time = 70/growth rate A. 4% B. 3% C. 5% D. 2%

Which of the following can start a succession? A. forest fire B. lack of disturbance C. planting some trees

What do we call it when agricultural land is plowed parallel to the curves of the land? A. crop rotation B. wind breaks C. contour plowing D. agroforestry

Biotic potential is anything that increases the survivability of a population. Biotic potential can be A. abiotic only B. both biotic and abiotic C. biotic only D. neither biotic nor abiotic

In plate tectonics ______________ A. pieces of the atmosphere move slowly on the inner core of the earth. B. pieces of lithosphere move slowly on the asthenosphere. C. the mantle sinks into the lithosphere. D. the outer core rises above the atmosphere.

The Green Revolution was characterized by A. decreased crop yields B. few pesticides C. only natural fertilizers D. high-yield monocultures

Which of these terms describes a pesticide that does not break down easily or quickly in environment? A. persistence B. bioaccumulation C. biodegradable D. biomagnification

Environmental resistance decreases a population's ability to survive. Which of the following would be considered a factor for environmental resistance? A. high reproductive rate B. generalized niche C. low reproductive rate D. ability to migrate to other habitats

Using the following data, calculate the population growth rate for Yemen (Rep): CBR = 3.0 %, Immigration = 2%, CDR = 2.7%, Emigration = 2% (Portions of the numeric data are factual.) HINT: (CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration) = Population Growth Rate A. -0.00304% B. 0.00304% C. 0.3% D. -3.0%

Most endangered species are considered -selected species. A. K B. S C. J D. r

If ecosystem A has MORE resources than ecosystem B, the carrying capacity will be A. the same in ecosystem A and ecosystem B B. lower in ecosystem B than ecosystem A C. unaffected

A country has the following population statistics: CBR = 1.0% CDR = 1.0% immigration = 1.0% emigration = 2.0% What is the growth rate of the population in this country? T: (CBR + Immigration) - (CDR + Emigration) = Population Growth Rate A. 5% B. 10% C. - 18% D. - 1.0%

Hummingbirds overwinter in Mexico and fly to the southern United States in the spring to breed. What are the hummingbirds doing? A. emigrating from the United States B. migrating from the United States C. immigrating to the United States D. remaining in the United States

The 10% Rule states that only 10% of the available energy is 5 passed on to the next trophic level. If the producers have 10,000 kcal of energy available, how much is passed on to the secondary consumers? A. 10 kcal B. 100 kcal C. 1750 kcal

Which environmental principle states that when two species occupy the same niche, one species will out-compete the other and ultimately one species will be excluded? A. Competitive Exclusion Principle B. Native Species Principle C. Invasive Species Principle

A remora fish follows a shark around to get scraps of food left over after the shark feeds. The shark is neither harmed nor helped by this relationship. This is an example of A. predation B. commensalism C. parasitism

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit from the relationship is known as what type of a relationship? Mutualism Parasitism

In this graphic, two plates are sliding past each other. What type of boundary is this? A. a transform fault boundary. B. a divergent boundary. C. a convergent boundary.

Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem? A. frog B. bacteria C. fungi D. water

A mosquito feeding on human blood is an example of which type of symbiotic interaction? A. commensalism B. mutualism C. parasitism

In a food web, an organism that obtains its energy directly from the sun is called a(n) A. autotroph B. herbivore C. heterotroph

This is considered to be the basis for the formation of life on land- based ecosystems. A. nitrogen B. soil C. carbon dioxide

Which of the following would be best used to date fossils from ancient mammals? oxygen potassium carbon uranium

What is a species? A. all the organisms in environment one B. a group of organisms that has a similar feature dating back to a common ancestor C. a group of organisms in a particular habitat D. a population whose members can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring 2

When the demand for the skilled labor increases, the price decreases and the quantity of the skilled labor increases the price increases and the quantity of the skilled labor decreases both the price and the quantity of the skilled labor increase

What is the growth rate of a population in a habitat that has reached carrying capacity? Explain your answer. (2 marks)

variety of life on Earth typical weather conditions over a long period of time period of inactivity change from liquid water to water vapor distance from the Equator moisture that falls to Earth large area of land with similar climate and vegetation the day-to-day conditions such as temperature and precipitation a. weather b. latitude c. climate d. precipitation e. evaporation f. dormancy g. biodiversity h. terrestrial biome

The nonpoisonous eastern scarlet snake has colored bands that closely resemble the poisonous coral snake. This selective adaptation provides the eastern scarlet snake with - increased breeding opportunities increased feeding opportunities the ability to attract prey a method of avoiding predation

Temperature differences between seasons can be beneficial to the organisms in lakes and ponds. Which of these is a benefit of seasonal temperature differences? A. separates where certain fish can live B. causes all vegetation to freeze C. removes all terrestrial life

Select the correct step that teachers may follow when designing and implementing a teacher- centered lesson: Identify instructional goals and objectives Integrate assessment into the learning process Provide an opportunity for reflection by students All the above

Identify the measure that extends the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the state level. The Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment The Civil Rights Act of 1964 The First Amendment

What can be deduced from the given passage? "Air pollution is on the rise in urban areas. It is due to the increased traffic congestion and rising number of factories. It is adversely affecting the health of people residing in the cities making them vulnerable to respiratory ailments." The writer has used the testimony to back his point. This is a cause and effect structure. The writer has cited from a book.

In 2021 the Piney Point reservoir, holding water from previous phosphate mining activity, began leaking contaminants into the groundwater. This groundwater is used by Floridians for household and drinking water. In order to relieve pressure on the leak, more than 200 million gallons of the contaminated water was pumped into Tampa Bay. When phosphate contaminants build up in water, they are known to cause toxic algal blooms that harm local wildlife, ecosystems, air quality and water quality. Piney point was 1 of 27 phosphate mining reservoirs found throughout the state of Florida. What environmental parameters (guidelines) should the local government be monitoring so that they can make policy changes to make sure that the water is safe for the households to consume?

Which of the following aspects of the environmental movement addresses the public's right to intervene in environmentally damaging activities on private land? a. environmental justice b. environmental sociology C. environmental law d. environmental activism

A female horse can mate with a male donkey but they will produce a mule that is sterile. This is an example of what type of isolation mechanism? allopatric physical behavioral reproductive geological

What is the purpose of the ozone layer? to provide more oxygen to the living organisms on earth. to protect living things on Earth from the sun's radiation. to make the earth hotter. it doesn't have a purpose. The ozone layer is bad for us.

A high population of greater prairie chickens once inhabited the prairies of Illinois. The conversion of the prairies into agricultural land caused the chickens to lose their habitat. Studies have concluded that this change greatly reduced the greater prairie chicken population. The habitat loss also resulted in a decrease in the population's genetic variation. Which change in the gene pool occurred in the greater prairie chicken population? gene mutation gene flow genetic drift genetic resistance

Green roofs are rooftops in urban areas on which gardens and trees are planted. They can be beneficial to humans and the environment, but they also have certain costs associated with them. Which of the following best describes a benefit of using green roofs? Choose 1 answer: A increased upkeep of roofs B increased energy usage C increased biodiversity in urban areas

Where might you find the end of a continental shelf? A About 15 miles off the coast of California B About 15 miles off the coast of Florida C In the exact center of the Pacific Ocean D Where the Gulf of Mexico meets the shore

Select whether the population numbers are "low", "normal" or "high". Species Normal Range Original 5 years Grass (producer) 800-1,000 blades/m² 400 350 Bees (primary) 4,000-5,000 hives 2,000 3,000 Deer (primary) 4,000 - 8,000 15,000 17,000 Coyotes (secondary) 250-300 600 650 Wolves (tertiary) 95-120 0 0 Ravens (scavenger) 220-270 165 145