Biomolecules Questions and Answers

Which of the following is not a component of rRT PCR DNA probe virus particle Primers Reverse transcriptase Reaction Buffer

Why do we use no template control in the reaction To screen for cDNA To test for viral RNA To screen for any contamination in the reagents To screen for other nucleic acid in the reaction

How many types of controls do you need to have in the Microneutralization Assay One Virus Control Two Sample Control and Virus Control Two Virus Control and Cell Control No controls are need

A Phosphate Group Lipid D Nonaqueous Cytosol Nonaqueous Aqueous Nonaqueous Environment Cytosol Environment B C Nonaqueous Cytosol Nonaqueous Environment Nonaqueous Cytosol E F Aqueous Nonaqueous Cytosol Environment Nonaqueous Environment Aqueous Cytosol Nonaqueous Environment Figure 1 Proposed models of hypothetical plasma membranes Each model represents a small portion of the hypothetical plasma membrane and illustrates the orientation of the phospholipids A student proposes six models of a hypothetical plasma membrane Figure 1 Identify the model that best represents the plasma membrane of a hypothetical cell that exists in a nonaqueous environment and whose cytosol is similar to that of an animal cell Provide TWO pieces of reasoning to support your identification AGE FOR ANSWERING QUESTION 8

How do we calculate the vital capacity Multiple Choice Add expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume and the tidal volume Subtract tidal volume from the sum of expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume Divide tidal volume by total lung volume Add expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume

Which of the statements correctly describes the vital capacity Multiple Choice The amount of air a person can exhale All the air that can be exhaled after a full inhalation All the air that can be inhaled on top of the normal breathing The total volume of air that is inside a person s lung

D Protein synthes 2 During ion exchange chromatography why are proteins with different charges separated A Polarity B Ionic strength C Molecular weight D Hydrophobic interactions ofor to

Pyruvate reacts with which absorbs visible light at nm a a Malonate 450 b ATP 480 c DNPH 510 d PEP 510 Question 6 1 point Listen A What is Vmax a The velocity at which enzyme E is saturated with substrate S b The initial velocity of the enzyme at v S One half of the limiting enzymatic rate

You have isolated the enzyme Milleniase from the rare Y2K bug This enzyme cleaves the first two numbers off of four digit dates You flex your skills as an enzymologist and come up with the following graph of initial velocity as a function of substrate concentration A 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 S From the graph estimate KM a 5 b 7 c 35

O alyzes a The final step of glycolysis b None of these c The final step of the citric acid cycle d The first step of glycolysis Question 2 1 point Listen Tertiary structure of an enzyme forms the catalytic center that is called a Inhibitory site b Negative site c Neutral site

It suggests that binding of substrate changes shape of enzyme s active site or of the substrate in order to speed up a reaction in a Lock and key model b Induced fit model c Enzyme affinity model d Michaelis Menten kinetics Question 4 1 point Listen The concept of KM is a the product concentration b the substrate concentration from which VMAX is attained c none of these

What is the best combination of Vmax KM for enzymes a Low Vmax High KM b High Vmax Low KM c Low Vmax Low KM d High Vmax High KM

What is Km a The amount of substrate consumed per unit time b The concentration of substrate at which v S c The substrate concentration at which v 1 Vmax d Vmax

Which statement describes vertebrate species during embryologic development OA They start off very similar but take different developmental paths as they grow B Organisms with common ancestors do not develop differences as they grow C Species that have recent common ancestors have few similarities during development D As they grow they become increasingly similar

Question 2 of 10 Which sentence describes biochemical evidence that supports the theory of evolution A ATP is found in all cells and provides energy for life processes OB Animals with common ancestors have similar anatomical structures C Some vertebrates have similar structures early in development D Only some aerobic orbanisms use the Krebs cycle SUBMIT

The maximum number of 64 tRNAs that a cell would be likely to have True False QUESTION 30 Which of the phenomena below is responsible for the ability of one gene to code for more than one polypeptide O transcription O alternative splicing O transposition O hybridization exon shuffling QUESTION 31 A tRNA has an anticodon with the sequence 3 UAC 5 What would be the sequence of the complementary codon For the moment do n consider the wobble hypothesis O3 UAC 5 O3 AUG 5

Please define metabolism enzymes and activation energy What effect do enzymes have on activation energy

Osmosis can be defined as the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane the diffusion of any small molecule across a selectively permeable mem active transport across a selectively permeable membrane the diffusion of a solute across a selectively permeable momb

What compound directly provides energy for cellular work C6H12O6 glucose ATP fat

The molecule shown below contains Indigo Instruments one pentose one hexose two amino acids two hexoses two pentoses Sucrose

The energy with wavelengths that appear photosynthesis O red green blue orange is LEAST useful to

Which component of the following reaction is the substrate lactose lactase water lactase glucose galactose lactose lactase glucose galactose

13 Tacrolimus FK 506 is a drug that inhibits an enzyme called calcineurin Calcineurin is a protein phosphatase This is an enzyme that dephosphorylates removes phosphate groups from proteins When added to cells tacrolimus can inhibit the dephosphorylation of a protein called NFAT but it cannot prevent the dephosphorylation of a protein called CDK1 What is the most likely explanation for this finding Multiple Choice Tacrolimus is a competitive inhibitor of calcineurin for NFAT and CDK11 O Calcineurin requires an additional cofactor to dephosphorylate NFAT O Tacrolimus changes the optimum pH for calcineurin NFAT is a substrate of calcineurin but CDK1 is not

In a chemical reaction 1 3 bisphosphoglycerate ADP yields 3 phosphoglycerate plus ATP What is the AG for this reaction Multiple Choice O Equal to zero Cannot be determined O Greater than zero Less than zero

Select the best answer What is the advantage of having separate heart chambers for the circulation of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood Ability to breathe through the skin Ability to stand up for long periods of time Ability to have greater activity There is no advantage of separate heart chambers

Q Sepharose beads in lon exchange chromatography are positively charged True False

What is the name of the substrate that we used during western blotting to induce a color change BCIP NBT Sodium azide DNPH DCIP

0 1 0 2 0 10 0 100 Question 4 1 point Saved Listen eadings on the spectrophotometer Western blotting is the technique for the detection of A specific RNA in a sample A specific glycolipid in a sample A specific protein in a sample A specific DNA in a sample

Elute is the name given to the fluid that leaves the columns when salt buffers are added True False Question 10 1 point Listen epitope if present is a structure that is specific to RuBisCo and binds with the Secondary Antibody BCIP NBT Primary antibody M

Can the protein structure and function be predicted for amino acid sequence

Which of the following molecules is an amino acid Select all that apply HO A H B H A B C HHH NNNN D OH Select 3 correct answer s C HH H H CH SH OH H H N C C CH CH CH D 0 E H H C OH H C OH H CIOH H

The type of connection indicated by the arrows is S S S S Des a peptide bond a disulfide bond a hydrogen bond a glycoside linkage a phosphodiester linkage

Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones respectively in many vertebrates In which of the following ways do these molecules differ from each other OH OH HO CH3 CH3 CH3 They are enantiomers of the same organic molecule They are cis trans isomers but have the same molecular formula They are structural isomers but have the same molecular formula They have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton

Which of the following functional groups is hydrophobic O amino hydroxyl methyl sulfhydryl

AOTD which of the following is a critical function for the blue blood of the horseshoe crab immune clotting of foreign substances providing nutrition to their offspring visual perception in blue water O Digesting algae the scrape off of rocks

Define and describe the Middle Passage How did the Monroe Doctrine change the foreign policy of the United States

Avian kidneys produce urea that requires copious water to flush from the body True False

Commonalities to both charophytes and vascular land plants include 1 sporopollenin II lignin III chlorophyll a IV cellulose V chlorophyll b III and IV only II and IV only O I II III and V only I III IV and V only

Moving to anoth estion 9 Within a population of nonchanging allele rates if the percentage of recessive alleles is 60 what is the likelihood of an offspring being homozygous recessive 36 50

Which of the following methods could be used to sterilize a solution containing proteins e g insuln Select all that apply Select All That Apply A B OD moist heat sterilization with an autoclave sterile filtration with a 0 2 micron filter dry heat sterilization at 170 degrees celsius ultraviolet light sterilization

In addition to a greater independence from water Amniotes show other ecological adaptations compared to Amphibians List and describe at least one additional anatomical novelty of Amniotes and what activity it relates to Be sure to reference the feature you discuss in the figure below D 10cm 1m

ATP and NADH are important energy carriers in the cell Sort the list of features below to indicate whether they are characteristic of ATP NADH or both Features 10 items Drag and drop into the appropriate area below Can transfer phosphate groups Energy Carriers Contains nicotinamide ring ATP Drag and drop here Contains adenosine Can donate hydrogen atoms NADH Drag and drop here Diffusible through the cytoplasm Activates sugars for glycolysis Both Drag and drop here Energy stored bonds betwe two terminal phosphates

Most bacteria like to attach to surfaces So where do you expect to find them in sediments as biofilms on sand silt and clay particles O attached to air gas bubbles swimming in the pore water

During anaerobic respiration redox half reaction is lower O higher a compound can serve as an electron donor as long as the dono on the redox tower than that of the acceptor half reaction

Which of the following is not a reduced molecule and can NOT be used as electron donor in chemolithotrophic organisms carbon dioxide CO O hydrogen H O sulfide H S O ammonium NH4

A significant amount of methane CH4 is trapped as a solid underground or under marine sediments and is referred to as inorganic carbon O natural gas O liquid methane methane hydrates

Which of the following is NOT part of a ger stop promoter

What does this symbol mean A Layers dipping 30 northeast B Layers dipping 30 southeast C Layers dipping 30 southwest D Layers dipping 30 northwest E Layers dipping 45 north 30 N

What is the Stress type Compression Tension or Shear What is the Strain type Elastic Plastic or Brittle What is the Fault type Normal Reverse Thrust or Strike

3 What do you see What is the Stress Compression Tension or shede What is the Strain type Elasto Plastic or Bris ELE What is the Fault type Normat Reverse Thruster Strike On outcrop in Nevada